In my search for the origin of Larter, it's been found, in Suffolk and Norfolk at least, to be a variant spelling of the earlier surname Laughter and Lawter. Although there are other variant spellings, e.g. Lawghter, Lawtyr, Lawtar, Lauter, Lautter etc., The spelling Laughter and Lawter appeared to be the two most consistant forms during the period 1538 to the late 1600s. As the centuries past by, Larter seems to have become more popular, while Laughter and Lawter became less and less popular; but by the 1800s, Larter became the more common form in Suffolk and Norfolk.

It seems highly probable then that all Larter branches across the world that can trace their roots back to East Anglia, have a surname that came into being as a variant, or more correctly as a corruption of the surname Laughter/Lawter. This now led me to the next obvious question, what was the origin of Laughter/Lawter. A search through surnames books revealed nothing for Laughter, but Lawter was found as a variant of the Scottish placename, Lauder, the forerunner of surnames such as Lowther and Lawther. Although a few Lowters and Lawthers have been found as well as Lawter in Suffolk records, no evidence as yet has come to light that show Scottish descendancy. In fact, the majority of Lawters found in Suffolk and Norfolk appears on record as being used synonomously with Laughter, which in early parish records appear before the form Lawter.

Having found very little in surname books, I decide to try the Oxford English Dictionary. It appears, before the onset of surnames in Britain, that Laughter is the Middle English form of the Old English hleahtor, a word the Saxons brought from the Scandinavian countries. Apparently Laughter is the mother of a host of variants that can be found throughout the UK; one of which is found to be Lawter. This ties in nicely with my find of Laughter and Lawter being used synonomously with each other as a surname. Lafter and Latter are also said to be variant spellings of Laughter, both of which have also been found as surnames, albeit to a lesser degree.

Laughter was a word used when speaking of a 'full clutch of eggs laid by a fowl', as in – 'The hen is sitting on her laughter (full clutch) of eggs'. Further searching revealed a book titled 'A Glossary of Words Used in East Anglia' by Walter Rye and published in 1895. In that book references were found as follows–-Lafter or Latter–-The number of eggs laid by a fowl before she sits, (generally 13 or 15). In another book, 'Vocabulary of East Anglia ( Suffolk & Norfolk) Vol 2' by Rev Robert Forby, published 1830. Again we find–-Latter–-The number of eggs a hen lay before she begins to sit. Rev Forbes also wrote–-'Till I met with this northern word, so like Our own, I have always supposed the meaning to be, the hen has laid her latter or last egg. Sitting on a clutch of eggs, usually an odd number, but generally 13 or 15. Variants–-lawter and lacter. So again we find evidence of lawter, lafter and latter as variant spellings of the same word. One interesting reference came to light where the variant lafter was used when speaking of a woman who has had her last child--'…its her 13th baby this year. I hope she's laid her lafter now.'

It seem likely that laughter may have been given as a surname to someone who had a large family of 13 or 15 children; or possibly the surname was given to the 13th or 15th child of a family, as in--John, the laughter, lafter or latter, child of William. In time, this may eventually have become John the laughter (John, the last child), then John Laughter.

Posted by: Rex H. Redmon -- Genealogy.com, GENFORUM
[Response to a question.]

Date: February 05, 2002

I have Henry Larther (Laughter) b. 1690, England, settled in James Town, VA. Known children were John and Henry. One of John's sons, Henry, moved to Warren County, NC and had many descendents who eventually spread all across America. In the "Henderson County Heritage Book," (Henderson County, NC) Page 284, article # 257--"William Milan Laughter Senior" the first paragraph states: "The first discovered names of members of the Laughter family was in the will of Edmond Culham of Hoxne, probated 25 February 1588 in Suffolk County, Norwich Diocese, England. One Nichlos Laughter was a son-in-law, and Grace and Elizabeth Laughter were his grandaughters." The name has many spellings (Lauter, Larther, Lawter, Leather, Lawther, Lauther and Lauder also found in Antiquity Scotland) as you probably know. In earlier days (13th century) according to oral tradition the name was De Laughter which was a fashionable trend in England for nobleman to use the French prefix. There are many De Laughters in America today [especially Mississippi]. Also according to the history of the name they were seated in Berwickshire, England, before the Norman conquest of 1066 AD.

My mother was a Laughter and I have many of the North Carolina Laughters on file.

Rex [Redmon]

FROM: -- LARTER FAMILY HISTORY SOCIETY
[See "Links" menu in "Other Menus"]

Evolution of "Laughter"
LAHTRO > LATRE > LAUCHTER > LAUGHTER > LAWTER > LARTER

Variants and Corruptions

LARTER, as far as research has shown, appears to have its origin in the Ancient Germanic word LAHTRO, relating to a place where animals lay their young. As the Germanic tribes began to migrate the Old Norse branch took with them their own dialect forms of this word spelt as LAHTRE and LATTR; while the Scandinavians developed their forms as LAUCHTER and LAWCHTER. On migrating to East Anglia, England; the Anglo Saxons of the Scandinavian tribe brought with them their language which has been historically classed as Old English. Spellings in Old English often had the letter H prefixed, therefore in those days was spelt as HLEAHTOR which later, towards the Middle English period became LAUGHTER. Generally, the pronunciation of 'AUGH' in LAUGHTER had the sound of 'or' as in LAWTER and 'ar' as in LARTER; but as the UK had dozens of dialects, a whole bunch of variant spellings for this word appeared. The north of England had spellings of:-

LAATER, LAFTER, LATER, LAWTER, LAYTER, LIGHTER, LOWTER and LOUTER;

while the midlands and southern region had:-

LAITER, LAYTARE, LOITER, LIGHTER, LAUGHTER, and LAWTER.

There are other variants but there's sufficient here to explain the point.

A number of references have been found where these old words have been used, all of which seem to apply to a quantity or specific 'odd' number of something--usually 13 or 15. The following are a few examples that have been found:-

Eggs of the same LIGHTER. (1691)

She's laid out her LAITER. (1873)

Their hens are sitting on a good LAUCHTER of eggs. (1899)

It's her thirteenth bairn this year. I hope she's laid her LAFTER now. (No date given)

These sentences/phrases strongly suggest that the early surname LAUGHTER/LAWGHTER may have been given to a man who had thirteen children--for example:-

John who has had his LAUGHTER,

or maybe

William, one of John's LAUGHTER. (William, one of John's 13 children.)

As to the spelling of LARTER, it appears to have a Norfolk and Suffolk origin. LAUGHTER appears to have been the first spelling of the surname, of which LAWTER is a variant.

LAUGHTER and LAWTER was commonly used synonymously with each other within many records along side another variant--LAUTER. Somewhere along the way the variant LARTER began to emerge along side these three commonly interchangable variants of the 1500s to 1700s. On several ocassions during the 1700s these three variants LAUGHTER, LAWTER and LAUTER plus some other but less commonly used were often grouped together under a mainstream surname of LARTER, which has now become an established modern day surname world wide.

-------------------------------

SOURCE: Audrey Nason, Essex, England, from--
Family group information showing descendancy beginning with Edward Laughter born about 1700, possibliy in Athelington, Suffolk; and his wife Finetta Rose.

A John Lawter is listed as coming to America in 1645; landed in Philadelphia. WE HAVE NOT VERIFIED THAT HE IS RELATED. IF YOU HAVE, PLEASE LET US KNOW. ...FL

There is other evidence that Robert Lawter or John Lawter, or Robert or John Laughter, may have been the first arrival. We are still searching... FL

NOTE: August 15, 2001-- Received from Ron Larter; Suffolk, England.

Frank:

"I had the following information passed on to me. Is there any possibility of doing a follow-up at your end to find out if there's any further information of this John Lawter?
I also inquired about Henry Lawter, but nothing could be found."

Regards. Ron of Suffolk.

Sent: Sunday, August 12, 2001 7:31 PM

Subject: Re: CD**590

Passenger and Immigration Lists Index, 1538-1940
Lawter, John
Place : Virginia
Year : 1635
Age : 17
Primary Individual : Lawter, John
Source Code : 6637.37
Source Name : "PASSENGERS TO VIRGINIA IN 1635."
In The Second Boat (Machais, ME), vol. 6:2 (August 1985), p. 62.
Source Annotation : Date and port of arrival from London. Source Page # : 62

The following spellings, and more, have been found on official records for LAUGHTER in the USA...

Laughter, Lawter, Lawther, Lother, Lowther, Larter, Lotta, Latta, Lotter, Loutter, Lauter, Latter

Spelling of the Laughter name has varied over the years and continues today. We find variations like those above, and others, proven to be the same lineage. That doesn't mean that every "Latta," "Lawter," or whatever, is a Laughter. From colonial days until the mid-20th century, names were often spelled phonetically even on official records, i.e., the name was written as it sounded to the clerk. Many Laughter descendants spell the name Lawter... even today. However, keep in mind... ALL Lawters are not Laughters.

A perfect example is:
My father was Henry Zedick Laughter⁸ but one of his brothers, my uncle General Dewitt, spelled his last name Lawter. Consequently, some of General Dewitt's children use "Lawter" while others use "Laughter". -- Go figure!

For consistency, "Laughter" has been used throughout the Laughter Genealogy Site.

Frank Laughter

"I have seen all the variant spellings listed [above], but the one that is not there is LAUDER, which is what it was in the Highland's of Scotland, and on the Rolls of Battle Abbey--as in Berwickshire, in Lauderdale. (The Maitland and Lauder Clan's lived together in that area--Maitland receiving more of the limelight, and power, and the Lauder's being demoted in court.) In America I have also noticed that there are people by the name of LEATHERS/LEATHER who are said to have been Lauder/Laughter/Lawter people, prior to their arrival. I found that to be most interesting because it speaks of the proper pronunciation of the name, and the phonetic attempt to reproduce it, by English speaking people.

"The site gives an interesting rendition of Anglo Saxon names, and derivatives... Aren't names interesting? The "au" in Lauder/Laughter is a French influence, and reflects the Norman influence on the people of that tribe. The Lauder's were said to be a family that descends from Robert Lauder, a follower of Sir William Wallace, and were considered Anglo-Norman's. The first people to migrate into England and Scotland were Norman, Saxon, and Flemmish. And, in the Hebrides, the mixture was Irish, Scottish, and Viking--what a blend! I love the statement that the Norman's were the "proudest, as well as the most civilized race, in the 11th and 12th centuries." The Flemmish were noted to be the most commercially advanced civilization in Europe, and brought with them the ability to trade and control commerce. Scotland has an interesting mixture of cultures--a unique blend. I have often said that we are a bunch of mongrels--there is no such thing as a "pure" Scotsman or Englishman!"

"I have enjoyed following the Crockett's, of whom my husband is a descendant--they were Norman (Viking farmers settled that area of France in Normandy), and moved out of the area when the Protestant persecution began. Unlike other Norman/French people they didn't migrate to the Palatine Valley in Germany, they instead went to Ireland, and intermarried, prior to coming to America. Their name was De Crocketagne, which became corrupted to De Sauss Crocketagne, and then to Crocketagne, and then Crockett. Who would have dreamed that old "Davey" was from French nobililty? I have no idea what it was prior to the earliest form of the name--I can't get past Gabriel Gustave De Crocketagne."

Yours Aye,
Mary